Materials
With a comprehensive catalogue of cast iron specifications on offer including compacted graphite iron (also known as vermicular), PPUK has a wealth of material specifications on hand covering a wide variety of dimensional options to support all current market demands for piston rings. Fully sourced within the UK to the highest possible standard, our cast iron material grades are unsurpassed in the market for operational performance. In addition PPUK has access to a wide range of alloy based materials to support the growing demands seen within a variety of industries which utilise metallic sealing rings. If you need any assistance in finding the right product for your application, please contact us
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P1
Large bore 2 stroke diesel engines fitted with PVA cylinder liners
Photo Micrographs
Microstructure:
Pearlitic matrix with less than 3% ferrite and evenly distributed phosphides eutectics. Flake graphite I-A 3/5 (ISO 945 – 1975 (E))
Typical Chemical Composition:
Carbon 3.30
Silicon 1.30
Sulphur 0.08
Manganese 0.90
Chromium 0.05
Copper 0.10
Phosphorus 0.25
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties:
Hardness 200 HB
Elastic Modulus 110 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 500 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P2
Large bore 2-stroke diesel engines with Tarkalloy cylinder liners. Gives good wear properties and may be used with chromed cylinder liners.
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with less than 3% ferrite and evenly distributed phosphides eutectics. Flake graphite I-A + B 3/5 (ISO 945 – 1975 (E))
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.15
Silicon 1.30
Sulphur 0.08
Manganese 0.90
Chromium 0.15
Copper 0.25
Phosphorus 0.25
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 205 HB
Elastic Modules 110 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 500 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P3
Large bore 2-stroke diesel engines, gives good strength and wear properties.
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with less than 3% ferrite and evenly distributed phosphides eutectics. Flake graphite I-A 3/5 (ISO 945 – 1975 (E))
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.25
Silicon 1.30
Sulphur 0.08
Manganese 0.90
Molybdenum 0.50
Copper 0.50
Phosphorus 0.20
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 215 HB
Elastic Modulus 115 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 520 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P4
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with less than 3% ferrite and evenly distributed phosphides eutectics. Flake graphite I-A 3/5 (ISO 945 – 1975 (E))
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.10
Silicon 1.55
Sulphur 0.08
Manganese 0.85
Chromium 0.15
Molybdenum 0.60
Phosphorus 0.10
Vanadium 0.15
Copper 0.85
Titanium 0.05
Nickel 0.35
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 230 HB
Elastic Modulus 125 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 620 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P5
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with less than 3% ferrite and evenly distributed phosphides eutectics. Flake graphite I-A 3/5 (ISO 945 – 1975 (E))
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.10
Silicon 1.20
Sulphur 0.08
Manganese 0.90
Molybdenum 0.60
Copper 0.85
Phosphorus 0.10
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 225 HB
Elastic Modulus 120 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 600 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P7
Application
This material enjoys good strength resistance combined with excellent wear properties. It is suitable for diesel engines and some industrial applications such as compressors
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with less than 3% ferrite and less than 3% cementite. Phosphides eutectics present as network. Flake graphite I-A 3/5 (ISO 945 – 1975 (E))
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.25
Silicon 1.30
Sulphur 0.10
Manganese 0.85
Molybdenum 0.10
Copper 0.20
Phosphorus 0.30
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 200 HB
Elastic Modulus 103 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 495 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P10
For the latest generation 2 stroke diesel engines.
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with less than 5% ferrite and 3% Cementite. Phosphide eutectic present as isolated crystals. Nodular graphite III (4/6) – max 20% V + IV + VI (ISO 945 – 1975 (E))
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.55
Silicon 2.00
Manganese 0.90
Molybdenum 0.50
Titanium 0.10
Phosphorus 0.10
Copper 1.00
Chromium 0.35
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 250 HB
Elastic Modulus 150 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 750 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P13
Various industrial applications
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with approximately 20% ferrite. Nodular graphite type I & II (ASTM A247)
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.60
Silicon 2.70
Manganese 0.20
Copper 1.00
Phosphorus 0.10
Magnesium 0.05
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 192 HB
Elastic Modulus 174 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 870 Nmm-2
Tensile Strength 600 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P14
High strength rings for various applications.
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with approximately 5% ferrite Graphite VI + V (ISO 945 – 1975 (E))
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.60
Silicon 2.15
Sulphur 0.01
Manganese 0.50
Chromium 0.05
Copper 0.75
Phosphorus 0.04
Molybdenum 0.40
Vanadium 0.03
Titanium 0.02
Nickel 0.20
Magnesium 0.06
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 260 HB
Elastic Modulus 170 kNmm-2
Bending Strength 900 Nmm-2
Tensile Strength 700 Nmm-2
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P19
General cast iron used for smaller rings.
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic matrix with less than 5% ferrite, uniformly distributed flake graphite
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.40
Silicon 2.20
Sulphur 0.12
Manganese 0.75
Chromium 0.50
Copper 0.50
Phosphorus 0.40
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 240 HB
Elastic Modulus 90 kNmm-²
Bending Strength 300 Nmm-²
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P20
High duty 4-stroke engines.
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
The matrix consists of tempered martensite with evenly distributed carbides. Graphite VI (6-8)
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.40
Silicon 2.40
Sulphur 0.05
Manganese 0.35
Molybdenum 0.20
Copper 0.30
Phosphorus 0.30
Magnesium 0.05
Other elements may be present only at trace levels
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 370 HB
Elastic Modulus 140 kNmm-²
Bending Strength 1100 Nmm-²
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P24
Various industrial applications.
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Pearlitic with ferrite 47 – 53%. Graphite spheroidal and free of flakes
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 3.55
Silicon 2.25
Nickel –
Manganese 0.40
Chromium –
Phosphorus 0.05
Other elements may be present only at trace levels.
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 200 HB
Elastic Modulus 169 kNmm-²
Tensile Strength 500 Nmm²
Piston Ring Materials Specification - P25
Application
Various industrial applications.
Photo-Micrographs
Microstructure
Austenitic matrix containing some carbides. Graphite spheroidal and free of flakes
Typical Chemical Composition
Carbon 2.60
Silicon 2.15
Nickel 30.00
Manganese 1.00
Chromium 3.00
Phosphorus 0.08
Other elements may be present only at trace levels.
Mechanical Properties
Hardness 170 HB
Elastic Modulus 92 kNmm-²
Tensile Strength 379 Nmm²